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Panthera

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Wikipedia Minangkabau - Lubuak aka tapian ilimu
Panthera[1]
Rentang waktu: Miosen Akhir – sekarang, 5.95–0 <abbr title="<nowiki>juta tahun yang lalu</nowiki>">jtyl
Dari atas ke bawah: harimau, singa, jaguar, macan tutul, macan tutul salju
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Domain: Eukaryota
Kerajaan: Animalia
Filum: Chordata
Kelas: Mammalia
Ordo: Carnivora
Subordo: Feliformia
Famili: Felidae
Subfamili: Pantherinae
Genus: Panthera
Spesies tipe
Panthera pardus[2] Linnaeus, 1758
Spesies hidup
Panthera tigris

Panthera uncia

Panthera onca

Panthera leo

Panthera pardus

Panthera adolah ciek dari genus dari famili Felidae, nan diagiah namo jo digambarkan dek Lorenz Oken pado taun 1816, nan malatakkan sadoalah kuciang bintiak dalam kalompok iko.[3][4] Reginald Innes Pocock marevisi klasifikasi genus ko pado taun 1916 untuak mamasuakan harimau (P. tigris), singo (P. leo), jaguar (P. onca), jo macan tutul (P. pardus) badasarkan ciri-ciri kranium umum.[5] Hasia analisis genetik manunjuakan baso macan tutul salju (awalnyo Uncia uncia) juo tamasuak dalam genus Panthera (P. uncia), sabuah klasifikasi nan ditarimo dek panilai Daftar Merah IUCN pado taun 2008.[6]

Harimau, singo, macan tutua jo jaguar adolah ampek spesies kuciang jo struktur anatomi nan dapek mambueknyo mangaum. Macan tutul salju adolah satu-satunyo anggota nan indak mangaum dari genus ko. Alasan utamo adolah karano awalnyo dianggap osifikasi tulang hyoid nan alun langkok. Namun, panalitian baru manunjuakan kamampuannyo untuak mangaum disababkan dek ciri morfologis lain, khususnyo laring.[7]

Etimologi

[suntiang | suntiang sumber]

Kato Panther barasa dari bahaso Latin klasik panthēra, dari bahaso Yunani Kuno pánthēr (πάνθηρ).[8] Sacaro fonetik iko sarupo jo kato Sanskerta पाण्डर pând-ara nan bararti 'kuniang pucek, kaputihan, putiah'.[9]

Spesies

[suntiang | suntiang sumber]

Spesies jo subspesies nan alah punah ditandoi jo simbol †.

Genus Panthera

  • Panthera gombaszoegensis †
  • Panthera leo (Singa)
    • Panthera leo atrox † (Singa Amerika)
    • Panthera leo azandica
    • Panthera leo bleyenberghi
    • Panthera leo europaea †
    • Panthera leo fossilis †
    • Panthera leo hollisteri
    • Panthera leo krugeri
    • Panthera leo leo †
    • Panthera leo melanochaita †
    • Panthera leo massaicus
    • Panthera leo nubica
    • Panthera leo persica
    • Panthera leo roosevelti
    • Panthera leo sinhaleyus †
    • Panthera leo somaliensis
    • Panthera leo spelaea †
    • Panthera leo senegalensis
    • Panthera leo vereshchagini †
    • Panthera leo verneyi
  • Panthera onca (Jaguar)
  • Panthera palaeosinensis †
  • Panthera pardoides †
  • Panthera pardus (Macan Tutul)
    • Panthera pardus adersi †
    • Panthera pardus delacouri
    • Panthera pardus fusca
    • Panthera pardus jarvesi
    • Panthera pardus japonensis
    • Panthera pardus jarvisi
    • Panthera pardus kotiya
    • Panthera pardus melas (Macan Kumbang)
    • Panthera pardus nimr
    • Panthera pardus nimr
    • Panthera pardus orientalis
    • Panthera pardus panthera
    • Panthera pardus pardus
    • Panthera pardus saxicolor (Macan tutul Persia)
    • Panthera pardus tulliana
  • Panthera schaubi †
  • Panthera tigris (Harimau)
  • Panthera toscana † (Singa Tuscany)
  • Panthera youngi †

Rujuakan

[suntiang | suntiang sumber]
  1. ↑ Wozencraft, W. C. (2005-11-16). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds), ed. Mammal Species of the World (edisi ke-3rd edition). Johns Hopkins University Press. hlm. 546–548. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. 
  2. ↑ Allen, J. A. (1902). "Mammal names proposed by Oken in his 'Lehrbuch der Zoologie'" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 16 (27): 373−379. 
  3. ↑ Allen, J. A. (1902). "Mammal names proposed by Oken in his 'Lehrbuch der Zoologie'" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 16 (27): 373−379. 
  4. ↑ Oken, L. (1816). "1. Art, Panthera". Lehrbuch der Zoologie. 2. Abtheilung. Jena: August Schmid & Comp.. p. 1052. https://books.google.com/books?id=S5o5AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA1052. 
  5. ↑ Pocock, R. I. (1916). "The Classification and Generic Nomenclature of F. uncia and its Allies". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Including Zoology, Botany, and Geology. Series 8. XVIII (105): 314–316. doi:10.1080/00222931608693854. 
  6. ↑ McCarthy, T.; Mallon, D.; Jackson, R.; Zahler, P.; McCarthy, K. (2017). "Panthera uncia": e.T22732A50664030. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T22732A50664030.en. 
  7. ↑ Peters, G.; Hast, M. H. (1994). "Hyoid structure, laryngeal anatomy, and vocalization in felids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae)" (PDF). Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde. 59 (2): 87−104. 
  8. ↑ Liddell, H. G.; Scott, R. (1940). "πάνθηρ". A Greek-English Lexicon (edisi ke-Revised and augmented). Oxford: Clarendon Press. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2377441. 
  9. ↑ Macdonell, A. A. (1929). "पाण्डर pând-ara". A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout. London: Oxford University Press. p. 95. https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/macdonell_query.py?qs=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0&searchhws=yes. Diakses pado 2 Nopember 2021. 
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