Abjad Arab
Abjad Arab nan kadang-kadang disabuik Huruf Hijaiah, barasa dari Aksara Aramea (dari bahaso Syria jo Nabatea), di ma abjad Aram tampak miripnyo jo abjad Koptik dan Yunani. Tampak bedo panulisan antaro Magribi jo Timur Tangah, antaranyo adolah panulisan huruf "qaf" jo "fa". Di Maghribi, kadang-kadang huruf "qaf" dan "fa" masiang-masiang ditulih jo titiak di bawah jo ciek titiak di ateh.
Daftar abjad Arab
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]| Huruf | Pengucapan | Internasional |
|---|---|---|
| ا | alif | alif |
| ب | ba | bāʾ |
| ت | ta | tāʾ |
| ث | tsa | ṯāʾ |
| ج | jim | ǧīm |
| ح | ḥa | ḥāʾ |
| خ | kha | ḫāʾ |
| د | dal | dāl |
| ذ | dzal | ḏāl |
| ر | ra | rāʾ |
| ز | zai | zāy |
| س | sin | sīn |
| ش | syin | šīn |
| ص | ṣad | ṣād |
| ض | ḍad | ḍād |
| ط | ṭa | ṭāʾ |
| ظ | ẓa | ẓāʾ |
| ع | ain | 'ayn |
| غ | ghain | ġayn |
| ف | fa | fāʾ |
| ق | qaf | qāf |
| ك | kaf | kāf |
| ل | lam | lām |
| م | mim | mīm |
| ن | nun | nūn |
| ه | ha | hāʾ |
| ء | hamzah | hamzah |
| و | wau | wāw |
| ي | ya | yāʾ |
Konsonan
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]Abjad Arab asas mampunyoi 28 uruf. Panyasuaian naskah Arab ka bahaso-bahaso lain maasiaan naskah jo uruf nan batambah atau bakurang, misalnyo di bahaso-bahaso Kurdis, Uthmaniyah, Sind, Urdu, Jawi, Pashto, dan Malayalam Arabi, nan sadonyo mampunyoi uruf batambah sarupo di bawah. Indak ado pabedoan antaro uruf gadang (kapital) jo uruf ketek dalam bantuak uruf.
Banyaik uruf tampak sarupo ciek samo lain tapi dibedoan jo titiak (ijam ⟨إِعْجَام⟩ di ateh atau di bawah bagian tangahnyo (rasm). Titiak-titiak iko marupoan sabagian dari uruf tasabuik dek sadonyo mabedoan uruf nan manjadi tando bunyi nan indak sarupo. Misalnyo, uruf-uruf nan ditransliterasi sabagai 'b' jo 't' mampunyoi bantuak asas sarupo, tapi nan ditransliterasi sabagai 'b' (ب) mampunyoi ciek titiak di bawah, samantaro 't' (ت) mampunyoi duo titiak di ateh.
Bahaso Arab nan batulih jo cetak manggunoan bantuak uruf basambuang dan kabanyakan uruf dalam sasabuah kato iko takaik jo nan di sabalahnyo.
Dialek
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]"Arab Umum" atau "Al-'Arabiyyah Al-'Ammiyah" adolah bahaso Arab nan dipakai dalam pambicaroan arian di dunia Arab, jo babedo bana jo Bahaso Arab nan ditulih. Pabedoan dialek paliang utamo iyolah antaro Afrika Utara (Arab Magrib) dan bagian Timur Tangah (Hijaz). Faktor nan manyabaukan pabedoan dialek bahaso Arab adolah pangaruih substrat (bahaso nan digunoan sabalun bahaso Arab sabalun bahaso Arab datang). Misalnyo, kato "yakūn" (artinyo "itu"), di Irak disebuik aku, di Palestina fih, jo di Magribi disabuik kayən.
Caliak pulo
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]Pautan lua
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]- The Arabic Alphabet Archived 2009-08-08 di Wayback Machine. showing the different glyphs for each letter and its code position in Unicode
- Alphabet, with sound, just click on a letter
- Arabic Alphabet Table pronunciation of the letters, and instructions to write them.
- Arabic Alphabet with sound and lessons
- Arabic writing and calligraphy Archived 2003-06-22 di Wayback Machine.
- Article about Arabic alphabet
- Arabic alphabet and calligraphy Archived 2008-05-09 di Wayback Machine.
- (freeware) to learn the characters
- Guide to the use of Arabic in Windows, major word processors and web browsers
- Learn the Arabic Script Online
- Madinaharabic.com: Free Arabic Reading and Language Course (with sound)
- Arabic Alphabet Quiz Choose the "Arabic" link.
- Babel Arabic Writing Explanation Archived 2008-04-15 di Wayback Machine.
- Site on Scripts and Writing Systems: A long list of links to sites dealing with issues of scripts.
- Arabic alphabet stroke directions Archived 2007-10-09 di Wayback Machine.
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