Caliak sumber untuak Gurun Thar

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|other_name = Gurun Besar India
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|image_caption = Gurun Thar di [[Rajasthan]], [[India]]
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'''Gurun Thar''', disabuik juo sabagai '''Gurun Gadang India''', adolah sabuah [[gurun]] nan barado di bagian baraik lauik [[Subbenua India]], mambantuak bateh alam antaro [[India]] jo [[Pakistan]]. Gurun iko marupoan gurun nan gadang ka-17 di dunia.<ref name="Singhvi1992">Singhvi, A. K. and Kar, A. (1992). Thar Desert in Rajasthan: Land, Man & Environment. Geological Society of India, Bangalore.</ref> Sakitar 85% dari Gurun Thar barado di wilayah India,kamudian sisonyo masuak kadalam wilayah Pakistan.<ref name="Sinha1996">Sinha, R. K., Bhatia, S., & Vishnoi, R. (1996). Desertification control and rangeland management in the Thar desert of India. RALA Report No. 200: 115–123.</ref> Di India, gurun iko mampunyoi lueh {{convert|320000|km2|abbr=on}}, dimano 60% barado di [[Rajasthan]] kamudian malueh ka [[Gujarat]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], jo [[Haryana]].<ref>Sharma, K. K. and S. P. Mehra (2009). The Thar of Rajasthan (India): Ecology and Conservation of a Desert Ecosystem. Chapter 1 in: Sivaperuman, C., Baqri, Q. H., Ramaswamy, G., & Naseema, M. (eds.) Faunal ecology and conservation of the Great Indian Desert. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg.</ref>
Gurun iko tadiri dari bagian nan sangaik kariang yaitunyo wilayah Marusthali di baraik, jo daerah semi gurun di timur jo bukit pasia nan labiah saketek sarato disiko hanyo tadapek saketek curah hujan.<ref>Sharma, K. K., S. Kulshreshtha, A. R. Rahmani (2013). Faunal Heritage of Rajasthan, India: General Background and Ecology of Vertebrates. Springer Science & Business Media, New York.</ref>

== Bantanga alam ==
[[Berkas:Thar Desert.JPG|jmpl|kiri|pamandangan gurun thar]]
Gurun thar mambantang di antaro [[Pabukitan Aravalli]] di timur lauik,<ref name=Sinha1996/> [[Rann Kutch]] di pasisia jo dataran aluvial dari [[Sungai Indus]] di baraik jo baraik lauik. Sabagian gadang gurun ditutuik dek bukik pasia nan barasa dari sedimen di dataran aluvial jo pantai. Pasia iko sangak murah bagarak karano angin kancang nan tajadi sabelum dimulainyo angin [[muson]]. [[Sungai Luni]] adolah ciek sungai nan tarintegrasi ka gurun iko.<ref>Laity, J. J. (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=wtAbzLLTcwcC&pg=PA30&sa=X&ei=yW-NVI7kB4GqPLLtgegE&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Deserts and Desert Environments]. John Wiley & Sons.</ref> Curah hujan terbatas {{convert|100|-|500|mm|in|abbr=on}} per tahun, sebagian besar turun pada bulan Juli hingga September.<ref name=Sinha1996/>

Tadapek danau aia asin di Gurun Thar ko diantaronyo Sambhar, Kuchaman, Didwana di Rajasthan jo Kharaghoda di Gujarat. Danau iko manarimo aia hujan salamo musim hujan dan kamudian manguok salama musim kamarau. Garam iko barasal dari palapukan batuan di wilayah tasabuik.<ref>Ramesh, R., Jani, R. A., & Bhushan, R. (1993). Stable isotopic evidence for the origin of salt lakes in the Thar desert. Journal of Arid Environments 25 (1): 117–123.</ref>

== Kaadaan gurun ==
[[Berkas:GreeningdesertTharIndia.jpg|jmpl|Penghijauan gurun jo caro pananaman [[jojoba]] di Fatehpur, Shekhawati]]
Tanah di Gurun Thar acok kariang untuak hampia sapanjang tahun dan rentan tahadok [[proses Aeolian|erosi angin]]. Angin bakacepatan tinggi maambuih tanah dari gurun pasia, kamduian malampok babarapo di tanah dilua gurun nan subur, sarato dapek manyababkan pageseran bukik pasia dalam gurun. Bukik pasia distabilkan jo caro managakan panahan angin mikro nan babahan samak baluka jo [[aforestasi]] bakalanjutan. [[Kanal Indira Gandhi]] nan mampunyoi panjang {{convert|649|km|abbr=on}} mambawo aia janiah untuak Gurun Thar.<ref name=Sinha1996/> Hal iko disusun untuak mambarantiann panyebaran gurun ka daerah-daerah nan subur nan diambuid dek angin tadi.

Hanyo saketek jinih batang kayu lokal nan cocok untuak ditanam di gurun. Dek karano itu, jinih batnag kayu eksotis dipakanakan untuak pananaman. Banyak spesies sarupo Eucalyptus, Acacia, Cassia jo genera lain dari Israel, Australia, Amerika Serikat, Rusia, Zimbabwe, Chili, Peru jo Sudan alah dicubo di Gurun Thar. ''[[Acacia tortilis]]'' alah tabukti manjadi spesies nan paliang manjanjikan untuak aforestasi gurun jo [[jojoba]] adolah spesies lain nan manjanjikan jo mampunyoi nilai ekonomis.<ref name=Sinha1996/>

== Rujuakan ==
{{reflist}}

== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons category|Thar Desert}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline}}
* [http://worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/im1304 Gurun Thar], ''Terrestrial Ecoregions''. World Wildlife Fund.
* [http://www.dharssi.org.uk/travel/india/jaisalmer.html Dharssi.org.uk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302095323/http://www.dharssi.org.uk/travel/india/jaisalmer.html |date=2016-03-02 }}, Photos of the Thar desert
* [http://avgustin.net/gallery.php?id=44 Avgustin.net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216005407/http://www.avgustin.net/gallery.php?id=44 |date=2008-02-16 }}, Photos of the Thar desert in Pakistan side
* [http://www.mit.gov.in/tdil/E_TOURISM_CDAC/desert%20visions/html/hjaisal.htm MIT.gov]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, आपणो राजस्थान

[[Kategori:Gurun|Thar, Gurun]]
[[Kategori:Geografi India]]
[[Kategori:Geografi Pakistan]]
[[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2020]]
[[Kategori:Gurun di Asia]]
[[Kategori:India]]