Budaya populer

Budaya populer (disabuik pulo sabagai budaya pop atau kultur populer) adolah totalitas ide, perspektif, kurenah, meme,^[1] citra, jo fenomena lainnyo nan dipilih dek konsensus informal di dalam arus utamo sabuah budaya, khususnyo dek budaya Barat di awal hinggo partengahan abaik ka-20 dan arus utamo global nan muncul pado akhia abaik ka-20 jo awal abaik ka-21. Dengan pangaruah gadang dari media massa, kumpulan ide iko manembus kahidupan masyarakaik.

Budaya populer dipandang sabagai sasuatu nan sapele dalam rangka mancari panerimaan konsensual. Akibaiknyo, budaya populer muncul dari baliak kritisisme sengit dari babagai sumber nonarus utamo (khususnyo kalompok-kalompok agamo jo kalompok kontra budaya) nan manganggapnyo sabagai superfisial, konsumeris, sensasionalis, jo rusak.

Istilah "budaya populer" muncul pado abaik ka-19 atau labiah awal^[2] untuak marujuak pado pandidikan dan "culturedness" pado kelas bawah. Istilah tersebut mulai manganggap pangartian budaya kelas bawah tapisah (dan takadang batantangan jo) "pandidikan sejati" manuju akhia abik, panggunoan nan kudian manjadi mapan katiko pariode antarperang. Pangertian kini iko ateh istilah tersebut, budaya untuak konsumsi massa, khususnyo bamulo di Amerika Serikat, digunoan pado akhia Perang Dunia II. Bantuak singkeknyo "budaya pop" barawal dari tahun 1960-an.^[3]

Budaya populer awalnyo bakambang di Eropa, labiah banyak diasumsian jo budaya nan malekat jo kelas sosial bawah nan mambedoannyo jo budaya tinggi dari kelas nan elit. Budaya populer juo acok didakekan jo istilah 'mass culture' atau budaya massa, nan diproduksi sacaro masal dan dikonsumsi sacaro masal pulo. Jadi, budaya lokal adolah produk budaya nan basifat pabrikan, nan ado di ma se dan indak mamaraluan usaho untuak mangonsumsinyo.^[4]

Catatan kaki

↑ "Memes in popular culture". Oracle Thinkquest. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-07-12. Diakses tanggal 2010-10-1.
↑ Meskipun Oxford English Dictionary menunjukkan penggunaan pertamanya pada 1854, istilah tersebut muncul pada pidato oleh Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi pada 1818: The Address of Pestalozzi to the British Public. 24 Nopember 1818. http://books.google.com/books?id=i6BDAAAAcAAJ&lpg=PT10&ots=zoP9If56P5&d&pg=PT10#v=onepage&q&f=false. "I see that it is impossible to attain this end without founding the means of popular culture and instruction upon a basis which cannot be got at otherwise than in a profound examination of Man himself; without such an investigation and such a basis all is darkness."
↑ Gloria Steinem, 'Outs of pop culture', majalah LIFE, 20 Agustus 1965, h. 73.
↑ Henry Subaktio and Rachmah Ida. 2012. Komunikasi politik, media, dan demokrasi. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group

Daptar pustaka

Ashby, LeRoy. "The Rising of Popular Culture: A Historiographical Sketch," OAH Magazine of History, 24 (April 2010), 11–14.
Ashby, LeRoy. With Amusement for All: A History of American Popular Culture since 1830 (2006).
Templat:Interlanguage link multi: Der deutsche Pop-Roman. Die neuen Archivisten (The German Pop-Novel. The new archivists), C.H. Beck, München 2002, ISBN 3-406-47614-7.
Bakhtin, M. M. and Michael Holquist, Vadim Liapunov, Kenneth Brostrom (1981). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays (University of Texas Press Slavic Series). Ed. Michael Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin and London: University of Texas Press.
Browne, Ray B. and Pat Browne, eds. The Guide to U.S. Popular Culture (2001), 1010 pages; essays by experts on many topics.
Burke, Peter. "Popular Culture Reconsidered," Storia della Storiografia 1990, Issue 17, pp. 40–49.
Freitag, Sandria B. "Popular Culture in the Rewriting of History: An Essay in Comparative History and Historiography," Journal of Peasant Studies, 1989, Vol. 16 Issue 3, pp. 169–198.
Gans, Herbert J. Popular Culture and High Culture: an Analysis and Evaluation of Taste. New York: Basic Books, 1974. xii, 179 p. ISBN 0-465-06021-8
Gerson, Stéphane. "' A World of Their Own': Searching for Popular Culture in the French Countryside," French Politics, Culture and Society, Summer 2009, Vol. 27 Issue 2, pp. 94–110
Golby, J. M. and A.W. Purdue, The civilisation of the crowd: popular culture in England, 1750–1900 (1985) online
Griffin, Emma. "Popular Culture in Industrializing England," Historical Journal, (2002) 45#3 pp. 619–635. online, Historiography
Hassabian, Anahid (1999). "Popular", Key Terms in Popular Music and Culture, eds.: Horner, Bruce and Swiss, Thomas. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 0-631-21263-9.
Knight, Robert H. The Age of Consent: the Rise of Relativism and the Corruption of Popular Culture. Dallas, Tex.: Spence Publishing Co., 1998. xxiv, 253, [1] p. ISBN 1-890626-05-8
Ross, Andrew. No Respect: Intellectuals & Popular Culture. New York: Routledge, 1989. ix, 269 p. ISBN 0-415-90037-9 (pbk.)
Seabrook, John. NoBrow : the culture of marketing the marketing of culture, New York: A.A. Knopf, 2000. ISBN 0-375-40504-6.
Storey, John (2006). Cultural theory and popular culture. Pearson Education. ISBN 978-0-13-197068-7.
Stoykov, Lubomir. Politics and pop culture. Celebrity and communicative perspectives of the modern politician. // Media and social communications. The University of National and World Economy / Alma communication, №19, January 2014. Available from:http://www.media-journal.info/?p=item&aid=355
Swirski, Peter (2010). Ars Americana Ars Politica: Partisan Expression in Contemporary American Literature and Culture. Montreal, London: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0-7735-3766-8.
Swirski, Peter (2005). From Lowbrow to Nobrow. Montreal, London: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0-7735-3019-5.
On Religion and Popular Culture

Artikel batopik budayo ko baru babantuak rancangan. Sanak dapek mambantu Wikipedia mangambangannyo.

Bacoan lanjuik

Duncan, Barry (1988). Mass Media and Popular Culture. Toronto, Ont.: Harcourt, Brace & Co. Canada. ISBN 0-7747-1262-7.
Rosenberg, Bernard, and David Manning White, joint. eds. Mass Culture: the Popular Arts in America. [New York]: Free Press of Glencoe, 1957.
Cowen, Tyler, "For Some Developing Countries, America's Popular Culture Is Resistible". The New York Times, 22 February 2007, sec. C, p. 3.
Furio, Joanne, "The Significance of MTV and Rap Music in Popular Culture". The New York Times, 29 December 1991, sec. VI, p. 2.

[1] "Memes in popular culture". Oracle Thinkquest. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-07-12. Diakses tanggal 2010-10-1.

[2] Meskipun Oxford English Dictionary menunjukkan penggunaan pertamanya pada 1854, istilah tersebut muncul pada pidato oleh Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi pada 1818: The Address of Pestalozzi to the British Public. 24 Nopember 1818. http://books.google.com/books?id=i6BDAAAAcAAJ&lpg=PT10&ots=zoP9If56P5&d&pg=PT10#v=onepage&q&f=false. "I see that it is impossible to attain this end without founding the means of popular culture and instruction upon a basis which cannot be got at otherwise than in a profound examination of Man himself; without such an investigation and such a basis all is darkness."

[3] Gloria Steinem, 'Outs of pop culture', majalah LIFE, 20 Agustus 1965, h. 73.

[4] Henry Subaktio and Rachmah Ida. 2012. Komunikasi politik, media, dan demokrasi. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group

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