Caliak sumber untuak Ateisme

[[Berkas:Paul_Heinrich_Dietrich_Baron_d'Holbach.jpg|jmpl|269x269px|Panulih [[Prancis|Parancih]] abaik ka-18, [[Baron d'Holbach]] adolah salah saurang nan mulo-mulo nan manyabuik dirinyo ateis. Dalam buku ''[[The System of Nature|Système de la Nature]]'' (1770), inyo malukihkan jagaik raya dalam arati materialisme filsafat, determinisme nan sampiik, dan ateisme. Buku iko dan bukunyo ''Common Sense'' (1772) dikutuak dek [[Parlemen|Parlemen Paris]], dan salinan-salinannyo dibaka di muko umum.]]

'''Ateis''' atau '''Ateisme''' iolah sabuah pandangan filosofi nan picayo indak adonyo kabaradoan [[Tuhan]] jo [[dewa]]-[[dewi]] <ref>{{cite encyclopedia|first=William L.|last=Rowe|authorlink=William L. Rowe|encyclopedia=[[Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]|title=Atheism|year=1998|editor=Edward Craig}}
</ref> atau juo penolakan tahadok [[teisme]] nan disaratoi jo klaim.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|first=Kai|last=Nielsen|authorlink=Kai Nielsen|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|title=Atheism|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/40634/atheism|year=2009|accessdate=2007-04-28}} "Atheism, in general, the critique and denial of metaphysical beliefs in God or spiritual beings.... a more adequate characterization of atheism consists in the more complex claim that to be an atheist is to be someone who rejects belief in God for [reasons that depend] on how God is being conceived."</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Atheism|first=Paul|last=Edwards|authorlink=Paul Edwards (philosopher)|publisher=Collier-MacMillan|year=1967|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Philosophy|The Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]|volume=Vol. 1|page=175|quote=On our definition, an 'atheist' is a person who rejects belief in God, regardless of whether or not his reason for the rejection is the claim that 'God exists' expresses a false proposition. People frequently adopt an attitude of rejection toward a position for reasons other than that it is a false proposition. It is common among contemporary philosophers, and indeed it was not uncommon in earlier centuries, to reject positions on the ground that they are meaningless. Sometimes, too, a theory is rejected on such grounds as that it is sterile or redundant or capricious, and there are many other considerations which in certain contexts are generally agreed to constitute good grounds for rejecting an assertion.}}
</ref> Dalam pangartian nan paliang lueh, itu adolah kapicayoan soal indak adonyo [[dewa]] atau [[Tuhan]].<ref>Artikel pendek [[religioustolerance.org]] pada [http://www.religioustolerance.org/atheist4.htm Definitions of the term "Atheism"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102174733/http://www.religioustolerance.org/atheist4.htm|date=2020-01-02}} menyatakan bahwa tidak ada konsensus mengenai definisi istilah ateisme. [[Simon Blackburn]] pada [[The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy]]: "''Atheism. Either the lack of belief in a god, or the belief that there is none''".</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.ditext.com/runes/a.html|title=Dictionary of Philosophy|first=Dagobert D.(editor)|last=Runes|authorlink=Dagobert D. Runes|year=1942 edition|publisher=Littlefield, Adams & Co. Philosophical Library|location=New Jersey|isbn=0064634612|accessdate=2010-02-01|quote=(a) the belief that there is no God; (b) Some philosophers have been called "atheistic" because they have not held to a belief in a personal God. Atheism in this sense means "not theistic". The former meaning of the term is a literal rendering. The latter meaning is a less rigorous use of the term though widely current in the history of thought}}</ref>

Istilah ''ateisme'' barasa dari bahaso Yunani {{lang|grc|[[:wikt:ἄθεος|ἄθεος]]}} (''átheos''), nan sacaro [[Peyorasi|peyoratif]] digunoan untuak marujuak pado siapopun nan kapicayoan batantangan jo [[Agama|agamo]]/kapicayoan nan alah mapan di lingkuangannyo. Dek manyebarnyo [[Pemikiran bebas|pamikiran bebas]], [[skeptisisme ilmiah]], jo [[Kritik terhadap agama|kritik tahadok agama]], istilah ateis mulai dispesifikasi untuak marujuak kapado mereka nan indak picayo kapado Tuhan. Urang nan partamo kali mangaku sabagai "ateis" muncua pado abad ka-18. Pado zaman kini, sakitar 2,3% populasi dunia mangaku sabagai ateis, manokalo 11,9% mangaku sabagai [[Nonteisme|nonteis]].<ref name="Britannica demographics" /> Sakitar 65% [[Bangsa Jepang|penduduak Japang]] mangaku sabagai ateis, [[Agnostisisme|agnostik]], atau juo urang nan[[Tidak beragama|indak baagamo]]; jo sakitar 48%-nyo di [[Rusia]].<ref name="Zuckerman" /> Persentase komunitas tasabuik di [[Uni Eropa]] bakisar antaro 6% ([[Italia]]) sampai 85% ([[Swedia]]).<ref name="Zuckerman">Zuckerman, Phil. [http://www.adherents.com/largecom/com_atheist.html "Atheism: Contemporary Rates and Patterns"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822041707/http://www.adherents.com/largecom/com_atheist.html|date=2009-08-22}}, ''The Cambridge Companion to Atheism'', ed. by Michael Martin, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2005.</ref>

Banyak ateis basikap [[Skeptisisme|skeptis]] kapado kabaradoan fenomena [[paranormal]] karano kurangnyo [[bukti empiris]]. Nan lain maagiah argumen jo dasar [[Filsafat|filosofis]], [[Sosialisme|sosial]], atau [[sejarah|sijarah]].

Pado kabudayoan Barat, ateis acok kali diasumsian sabagai indak baagamo (ireligius). Beberapa aliran [[Agama Buddha|Agamo Buddha]] indak panah manyabuikkan istilah '[[Tuhan dalam agama Buddha|Tuhan]]' dalam babagai upacara ritual, tapi dalam Agama Buddha konsep ketuhanan nan dimaksuik mampagunokan istilah [[Nirwana]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.samaggi-phala.or.id/naskahdamma_dtl.php?id=1003&multi=T&hal=0|title=Ceramah Bhikkhu Uttamo - Ketuhanan dalam agama Buddha|publisher=Samaggi Phala|accessdate=2010-08-18}}{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Karanonyo agamo iko acok disabuik agamo ateistik.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kedar|first=Nath Tiwari|year=1997|title=Comparative Religion|publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]]|id=ISBN 81-208-0293-4|pages=hal. 50}}</ref> Walaupun banyak dari nan mandefinisikan dirinyo sabagai ateis candoang kapado filosofi sekuler cando [[humanisme]],<ref>Honderich, Ted (Ed.) (1995). "Humanism". ''The Oxford Companion to Philosophy''. Oxford University Press. p 376. ISBN 0-19-866132-0.</ref> [[rasionalisme]], dan [[Naturalisme (filsafat)|naturalisme]],<ref>Fales, Evan. "Naturalism and Physicalism", in {{harvnb|Martin|2007|pp=122–131}}.</ref> indak ado ideologi atau perilaku spesifik nan dijunjuang dek sadoalah ateis.<ref>{{harvnb|Baggini|2003|pp=3–4}}.</ref>
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== Rujuakan ==
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[[Kategori:Ateisme]]
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