Area Broca

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Lokasi area Broca

Area Broca adolah bagian dari utak manusia nan talatak di gyrus frontalis superior pado lobus frontalis korteks utak gadang. Area ko bafungsi untuak proses bahaso, sarato kamampuan jo pamahaman babicaro. Area Broca talatak badampiangan jo area Wernicke. Kaduonyo ditamukan hanyo ado pado salah satu balahan utak sajo, umumnyo pado bagian kida, karano populasi manusia nan banyak "dominan kida".

Area Broca talatak kiro-kiro pado area Brodmann 44 [1] dan kadang-kadang tamasuak juo 45 [2][3][4].

Proses bahaso takait jo area Broca sajak Pierre Paul Broca malaporkan kalainan pado duo urang pasien.[5] Mareka kahilangan kamampuan babicaro salapeh bagian balakang girus frontal inferior utak talukoi.[6] Sajak saaik itu, kiro-kiro bagian nan liau identifikasi dikenal sabagai area Broca, jo kurangnyo kamampuan babahaso disabuik afasia Broca, disabuik juo afasia ekspresif. Area Broca biasonyo didefinisikan sabagai pars operkularis jo pars triangularis girus frontal inferior, direpresentasikan pado peta sitoarsitektonik Brodmann sabagai area 44 jo 45 hemisfer (balahan utak) nan dominan.[6] Labiah jauah, kajian fMRI juo alah maidentifikasi pola aktivasi area Broca nan takait jo baragam tugeh kabahasoan.

Area Broca jo Wernicke dihubuangkan jo ciek jalua saraf nan disabuik fasciculus arcuata. Pado karo makakus, bagian ko batangguangjawab panuah untuak maatua bagian wajah jo muluik (orofasial).[7]

Rujuakan[suntiang | suntiang sumber]

  1. Mohr JP in Studies in Neurolinguistics (eds. Witaker H & Witaker NA) 201–235 (Academic, New York, 1976)
  2. Penfield W & Roberts L Speech and Brain Mechanisms (Princeton Univ Press, Princeton, 1959)
  3. Ojemann GA, Ojemann JG, Lettich E, Berger MS (1989). "Cortical language localization in left, dominant hemisphere. An electical stimulation mapping investigation in 117 patients". J Neurosurg. 71: 316–26. 
  4. Duffau H; et al. (2003). "The role of dominant premotor cortex in language: a study uding intraoperative functional mapping in awake patients". Neuroimage. 20: 1903–14. 
  5. Kennison, Shelia (2013). Introduction to language development. Los Angeles: Sage. [paralu halaman]
  6. a b N. F. Dronkers; O. Plaisant; M. T. Iba-Zizen & E. A. Cabanis (2007). "Paul Broca's Historic Cases: High Resolution MR Imaging of the Brains of Leborgne and Lelong". Brain. 130 (Pt 5): 1432–1441. doi:10.1093/brain/awm042. PMID 17405763. 
  7. Petrides M, Cadoret G, Mackey S (2005). "Orofacial somatomotor responses in the macaque monkey homologue of Broca's area". Nature. 435: 1235–38. doi:10.1038/nature03628.