Caliak sumber untuak Kuminih

'''Komunisme''' atau '''kuminih''' (bahaso Latin: ''communis'', bahaso Inggris: ''common, universal'')<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Communism|encyclopedia=Britannica Encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/129104/communism}}</ref><ref>''World Book'' 2008, hal. 890.</ref> adolah ideologi nan basingguangan jo filosofi, politik, sosial, jo ekonomi nan tujuan utamanyo untuak tabantuak masyarakaik kuminih jo aturan sosial ekonomi manuruik kapamiliakan basamo alaik produksi jo indak adonyo kelas sosial, uang,<ref>[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm ''Principles of Communism''], Frederick Engels, 1847, Bagian ke-18. "Akhirnya, saat semua modal, produksi, pertukaran dipegang bersama oleh segenap bangsa, kepemilikan pribadi akan menghilang, uang akan jadi sesuatu yang tidak perlu, dan produksi berkembang sehingga masyarakat akan lepas dari kebiasaan ekonomi yang dulu-dulu."</ref><ref>[http://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1920/abc/03.htm ''The ABC of Communism''], Nikoli Bukharin, 1920, Bagian ke-20</ref> jo nagara.<ref>[http://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1920/abc/03.htm ''The ABC of Communism''], Nikoli Bukharin, 1920, Bagian ke-21</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Encyclopedia of Political Science|url=http://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-encyclopedia-of-political-science|doi=10.4135/9781608712434|editor=George Thomas Kurian|publisher=CQ Press|date=2011|ISBN=9781933116440|chapter=Withering Away of the State|accessdate=3 Januari 2016}}</ref>

== Dasa ideologi ==
Istilah komunisme acok dicampuaaduakan jo kuminih internasional. Komunisme atau [[Marxisme]] adolah ideologi dasa nan umumnyo digunoan dek partai kuminih di saluruah dunia. Sadang kuminih internasional marupoan ideologi nan barasa dari pamikiran Lenin sainggo dapek pulo disabuik "Marxisme-Leninisme.

Dalam komunisme, parubahan sosial aruih dimulai dari paambiakaliahan alaik-alaik produksi malalui paran partai komunih. Logika singkeknyo, parubahan sosial dimulai dari pakarajo, tatapi paorganisasian pakarajo anyo dapek bahasia jikok malalui pajuangan partai. Partai mambutuhan paran politbiro sabagai ''think-tank''. Dapek diringkas parubahan sosial anyo dapek barasia jiko dicatuihan politbiro.

Komunih sabagai anti-kapitalisme manggunoan sistem partai komunih sabagai alaik paambiahaliahan kakuasoan jo sangaik manantang kapamiliakan akumulasi modal para individu. Pado prinsipnyo sadonyo diaratian sabagai milik rakyaik mako co itu, sado alaik-alaik produksi aruihlah dikuasoi dek nagara guno kemakmuran rakyaik sacaro marato. Komunih mambok demokrasi nan diwakilan dek pucuak-pucuak komunih, mako iyi sangaik mambatehan demokrasi pado rakyaik nan bukan marupuoan anggota partai komunih karano adonyo dalam paham komunih indak ado hak paribadi sarupo nan adi di paham liberalisme.

== Kuminih internasional ==
Komunih internasional sabagai teori mulai dipakai satalah maledaknyo Revolusi Bolshevik di Rusia tanggal 7 November 1917. Dek mako iti komunih dipakai sabagai ideologi jo disiaran ka nagara lain. Pado taun 2005 nagara nan masih mamakai komunih iolah Tiongkok, Vietnam, Korea Utara, Kuba jo Laos. Komunih internasional iolah teoru nan asa mulo dicatuihan dek Karl Marx.

== Indonesia dan komunisme ==
Indonesia panah manjadi kakuatan gadang komunisme dunia. Lahianyo PKI pado taun 1920-an adolah kalanjuikan fase awal dominasi komunih di nagara Indonesia, bahkan di Asia. Tokoh kuminih sarupo Tan Malaka, manjadi tokoh nan indak dapek dilupoan dalam perjuangan nagara sarupo di Cina, Indonesia, Thailand, jo Filiphina. Indak sarupo Vietnam nan marabuikan kakuatan komunisme manjadi parang nan gadang. Di Indonesia, parubahan komunisme tajadi insiden badarah jo pambantaian nan banyak mamakan korban jiwa. Indak itu se, para pangikuik komunih dijuluak i jo eks-tapol dek Orde Baru jo mangalami pambatehan dalam kahidupan.

=== Sijarah komunisme di Indonesia ===

==== Era praparang kamardekaan ====
Lahianyo kuminih di Indonesia indak talapeh dari hadirnyo urang-urang buangan politik dari Balando jo mahasiswa-mahasiswa nan bapandangan kiri. Babarapo di antaronyo sarupo Sneevliet, Bregsma, dan Tan Malaka nan alah masuak satalah Sarekat Islam (SI) Semarang tabantuak.

Gerakan Komunih di Indonesia diawali di Surabaya, asa mulo dek diskusi intern pakarajo Kareta Api Surabaya nan dikana jo namo VSTP. Mulonyo VSTP anyo barisi urang-urang Eropa jo Indo Eropa sajo. Sairiang bajalannyo wakatu, kaum pribumi banyak juo nan bagabuang. Nan tasabuik dan gadang Semaoen kamudian manjadi katua SI Semarang.

Komunisme kudian juo aktif di Semarang, dek itu tanamo jo "Kota Merah" sasudah manjadi basis PKI pado wakatu tu. Hadirnyo ISDV jo masuaknyo para pribumi bahaluan kida ka dalam Sarekat Islam manjadian komunih sabagai bagian cabangnyo, nan disabuik jo "Si Sirah". ISDV batangguang jawek kapado banyaknyo pakarajo nan mogok di Jawa.

Konflik SI Semarang (SI Merah) jo SI pusek di Yogyakarta (SI Putih) mandorong diadoannyao kongres. Ateh usulan Haji Agus Salim, nan disahkan dek pusek SI, baiak SI Merah maupun SI Putih supakaik  personel SI Merah kalua dari SI. Mantan personel SI Merah jo ISDV baganti namo manjadi  PKI.

Hancuanya PKI bamulo kutiko Pasatujuan Prambanan nan mamutuihan akan adonyo pambarontakan gadang di saluruah Hindia Balando. Tan Malaka indak satuju dek komunih alaun kuaik di Indonesia, baliau mancubo mahantian. tatapi indak diacuhan dek tokoh PKI, kacuali urang-urang nan bapihaik kapado Tan Malaka. Pambarontakan nan tajadi 1926-1927 nan usai dek kakalahan PKI. Para toko PKI manyalahan Tan Malaka dek kagagalan itu, sabab alah maasuang cabang-cabang PKI.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Pemberontakan Sarikat Rakyat Silungkang, Sumatera Barat, 1926-1927: pengalaman perjuangan dalam merintis kemerdekaan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_29FGQAACAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en|publisher=Mutiara|date=1981|language=id|first=Abdul Muluk|last=Nasution}}</ref>

== Rujuakan ==
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== Bacaan lanjuik ==
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[[Kategori:Ideologi]]