Abjad Fonetik Antaro Banso
| Abjad Fonetik Antaro Banso International Phonetic Alphabet | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Jinih | Abjad, Alfabet, sabagiannyo ciri |
| Bahaso | Diguno dek transkripsi fonetik jo fonem mano-mano bahaso |
Wakatu | sajak taun 1888 |
Sistem induak | Abjad Rumi
|
| Arah tulih | Left-to-right |
| ISO 15924 | Latn, 215 |
Alias Unikod | Latin |
Abjad Fonetik Antaro Banso, (Inggirih: International Phonetic Alphabet) nan lazim, walaupun indak rasmi, disingkekan kapado IPA, [note 1] adolah sabuah sistem notasi fonetik abjad atau alfabet nan basandi pado alfabet Latin. Inyo dibuek International Phonetic Association ("Pasatuan Fonetik Antaro Banso") sabagai wakia standar untuak bunyi-bunyi bahaso lisan.[1] IPA digunoan dek ahli leksokografi, guru jo murik bahaso asiang, ahli linguistik, ahli patologi pertutran, panyanyi, palakon, pambuek bahaso konstruk, jo ahli tarjamahan.[2][3]
IPA dibuek supayo anyo manunjuakan sipaik ucapan nan sabagian dari bahaso lisan: fon, fonem, intonasi, jo pamisahan kato jo suku kato.[1] Untuak manggamba kualiti ucapan tambahan, sarupo gigi berkertak, pelat (lisping), jo bunyi nan dibuek dek langitan sumbing atau sompek, sabuah set nan manganduang simbol tambahan, disabuik Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet ("Tambahan pado Abjad Fonetik Antaro Banso") buliah diguno.[2]
Simbol-simbol IPA tadiri dari unsua-unsua atau elemen-elemen duo jinih asas, huruf jo diakritik. Contoh, bunyi huruf Inggirih t dapek ditranskrip jo IPA jo ciek huruf, [t], atau jo ciek huruf basamo diakritik, [t̺ʰ], bagantuang pado tapek jo talitinyo.[note 2] Acok kali, tando condong diguno untuak transkripsi fonem; dek sabauk tu, /t/ kurang tapek dari [t̺ʰ] atau [t], bagantuang pado konteks jo bahaso nan diguno.
Rujuakan
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]- ↑ a b International Phonetic Association (IPA), Handbook.
- ↑ a b MacMahon, Michael K. C. (1996). "Phonetic Notation". di dalam P. T. Daniels and W. Bright (eds.). The World's Writing Systems. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 821–846. ISBN 0-19-507993-0.
- ↑ Wall, Joan (1989). International Phonetic Alphabet for Singers: A Manual for English and Foreign Language Diction. Pst. ISBN 1-877761-50-8. http://www.amazon.com/International-Phonetic-Alphabet-Singers-Language/dp/1877761508.
- ↑ "The acronym 'IPA' strictly refers [...] to the 'International Phonetic Association'. But it is now such a common practice to use the acronym also to refer to the alphabet itself (from the phrase 'International Phonetic Alphabet') that resistance seems pedantic. Context usually serves to disambiguate the two usages." (Laver 1994:561)
- ↑ The inverted bridge under the Templat:Angbr specifies it as apical (pronounced with the tip of the tongue), and the superscript h shows that it is aspirated (breathy). Both these qualities cause the English [t] to sound different from the French or Spanish [t], which is a laminal (pronounced with the blade of the tongue) and unaspirated [t̻]. Templat:Angbr and Templat:Angbr are thus two different IPA symbols for two different, though similar, sounds.