Caliak sumber untuak Filsafat

[[Berkas:"The_School_of_Athens"_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg|jmpl|''[[Mazhab Athena|Perguruan Athena]]'' (1509-1511) karya [[Raffaello Sanzio|Raffaello]], manampilkan filsuf-[[Filsafat Yunani kuno|filsuf Yunani]] tanamo pado latar ruangan indah nan tainspirasi karya-karya [[arsitektur Yunani Saisuak]]]]
'''Filsafat''' atau diijo juo '''pilsapaik''' (dari kato [[Bahaso Yunani|Yunani]] {{lang|grc|φιλοσοφία}}, ''filosofia'', aratinyo "cinto ka hikmat"<ref name="biblehub.com">{{Cite web|url=https://biblehub.com/greek/5385.htm|title=Strong's Greek: 5385. φιλοσοφία (filosofia) -- cinta atau gemar akan hikmat|website=biblehub.com}}</ref><ref name="oed.com2">{{cite web|url=http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/142505?rskey=WbBDMG&result=1&isAdvanced=false#eid|title=Home : Oxford English Dictionary|work=oed.com}} ''(tidak lagi berfungsi)''</ref> ) adolah [[Pendidikan|ilimu]] nan mangkaji patanyoan-patanyoan soal eksistensi, panalaran, nilai-nilai luhua, aka budi, jo bahaso.<ref>{{en}} [[A.C. Grayling]], ''Philosophy 1: A Guide through the Subject'' (Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 1: "The aim of philosophical inquiry is to gain insight into questions about knowledge, truth, reason, reality, meaning, mind, and value."</ref> Istilah iko kamungkinan partamo kali disabuik dek [[Pythagoras]] (c. 570--495 SM). Metode nan dipakai dalam filsafat antaro lain batanyo, diskusi kritis, dialektik, jo presentasi sistematik.<ref>{{Cite book|title=How to Think About the Great Ideas: From the Great Books of Western Civilization|last=Adler|first=Mortimer J.|date=28 March 2000|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=Pv3BHyktJWkC}}|publisher=Open Court|isbn=978-0-8126-9412-3|location=Chicago, Ill.}}</ref><ref name="justification" /> Patanyoan filosofis klasik antaro lain: Apokah mamungkinkan untuak mangataui sagalo macam sarato mambuktikannyo?<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism|date=1 October 2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-983680-2|editor-last=Greco|editor-first=John|edition=1st|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=Ozv0lftrUeEC}}}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Thinking Things Through: An Introduction to Philosophical Issues and Achievements|last=Glymour|first=Clark|date=10 April 2015|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=G4lLCAAAQBAJ}}|publisher=A Bradford Book|isbn=978-0-262-52720-0|edition=2nd|chapter=Chapters 1–6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iep.utm.edu/skepcont/|title=Contemporary Skepticism {{!}} Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy|website=www.iep.utm.edu|access-date=25 April 2016}}</ref> Apo nan paliang nyato? Filsuf-filsuf juo mampatanyokan nan labiah praktis jo konkret sarupo: Apokah ado caro paliang rancak untuak iduik? Apokah labiah rancak manjadi adia atau indak adia (kok saurang bisa lapeh baitu sajo)?<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/republic.html|title=The Internet Classics Archive {{!}} The Republic by Plato|website=classics.mit.edu|access-date=25 April 2016|archive-date=11 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110411054817/http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/republic.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Apokah manusia mampunyoi kandak lapeh?<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iep.utm.edu/freewill/|title=Free Will {{!}} Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy|website=www.iep.utm.edu|access-date=25 April 2016}}</ref>

Sacaro historis, filsafat mancakuik inti dari sagalo pangatauan.<ref name="auto23">{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=philosophy|title=Philosophy|date=|website=www.etymonline.com|publisher=Online Etymological Dictionary|access-date=19 March 2016|quote=The English word "philosophy" is first attested to c. 1300, meaning "knowledge, body of knowledge."|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->}}</ref> Dari zaman filsuf Yunani Saisuak cando [[Aristoteles]] inggo abaik ka-19, filsafat alam malingkuangi astronomi, kadokteran, jo fisika.{{sfn|Lindberg|2007|p=3}} Misanyo, ''Prinsip Matematika Filosofi Alam'' karya [[Newton]] pado taun 1687 di kudian ari diklasifikasikan sabagai buku fisika. Pado abaik ka-19, pakambangan riset universitas modern maantakan filsafat akademik jo disiplin lain nan alah takhususkan.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Scientific Revolution|last=Shapin|first=Steven|date=1 January 1998|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=6BIr19MTXAMC}}|publisher=University Of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-75021-7|edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/01/11/when-philosophy-lost-its-way/?_r=0|title=When Philosophy Lost Its Way|last=Briggle|first=Robert Frodeman and Adam|website=Opinionator|access-date=25 April 2016}}</ref> Pado maso kini, babarapo investigasi nan sacaro tradisional marupokan bagian dari filsafat alah manjadi disiplin akademik nan tapisah, babarapo diantaronyo psikologi, sosiologi, linguistik, jo ekonomi. 

Sajak abaik ka-20, filsuf profesional bakontribusi pado masyarakaik utamonyo sabagai profesor, panaliti, jo panulih. Namun, banyak dari urang-urang tasabuik nan baraja filsafat dalam program sarjana atau pascasarjana bajariah dalam bidang hukum, jurnalisme, politik, agamo, sains, bisnis dan babagai kagiatan seni jo hiburan.<ref name="whystudyphilosophy.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.whystudyphilosophy.com/|title=Why Study Philosophy? An Unofficial "Daily Nous" Affiliate|website=www.whystudyphilosophy.com|access-date=2016-05-02}}</ref>
== Rujuakan ==
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