Caliak sumber untuak Asam asetat

{{Chembox
|Verifiedfields = changed
|Watchedfields = changed
|verifiedrevid = 477238786
|ImageFile3 = Acetic acid.jpg
|ImageFile3_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
|ImageSize3 = 244px
|ImageName3 = Contoh asam asetat dalam botol pereaksi
|ImageFileL1 = Acetic-acid-2D-skeletal.svg
|ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
|ImageNameL1 = Rumus tulang asam asetat
|ImageFileR1 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-vdW-B.png
|ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
|ImageNameR1 = Model bola asam asetat
|ImageFileL2 =Acetic-acid-2D-flat.png
|ImageFileL2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
|ImageNameL2 = Rumus tulang asam asetat dengan pencantuman hidrogen secara eksplisit
|ImageFileR2 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-balls-B.png
|ImageFileR2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
|ImageNameR2 = Model bola dan batang asam asetat
|IUPACName = Asam asetat<ref>{{cite book|title=A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (Recommendations 1993)|publisher=Blackwell Scientific publications|author=IUPAC, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry|year=1993|chapter=Table 28(a) Carboxylic acids and related groups. Unsubstituted parent structures|url=http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm|isbn=0-632-03488-2|language=en|access-date=2021-04-09|archive-date=2012-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425121822/http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=176|title = Acetic Acid - PubChem Public Chemical Database|work = The PubChem Project|location = USA|publisher = National Center for Biotechnology Information|language=en}}</ref>
|SystematicName = Asam etanoat<ref name="BB-prs310305">IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004 [http://old.iupac.org/reports/provisional/abstract04/BB-prs310305/Chapter1.pdf Chapter P-12.1; hlm. 4]</ref>
|OtherNames = Asetil hidroksida (AcOH); Asam cuka; Hidrogen asetat; Asam metanakarboksilat; Asam asetat glasial<ref>{{cite book|title=Scientific literature reviews on generally recognized as safe (GRAS) food ingredients|publisher=National Technical Information Service|year=1974|page=1|language=en}}</ref><ref>"Chemistry", volume 5, Encyclopedia Britannica, 1961, hlm. 374</ref>
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
|Abbreviations = AcOH
|CASNo = 64-19-7
|CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|PubChem = 176
|ChemSpiderID = 171
|ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|UNII = Q40Q9N063P
|UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|EINECS = 200-580-7
|UNNumber = 2789
|DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
|DrugBank = DB03166
|KEGG = D00010
|KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
|MeSHName = Acetic+acid
|ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|ChEBI = 15366
|ChEMBL = 539
|ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|IUPHAR_ligand = 1058
|ATCCode_prefix = G01
|ATCCode_suffix = AD02
|ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|S02|AA10}}
|Beilstein = 506007
|Gmelin = 1380
|3DMet = B00009
|RTECS = AF1225000
|SMILES = CC(O)=O
|StdInChI = 1S/C2H4O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3,(H,3,4)
|StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|StdInChIKey = QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
|DeltaHf = -483,88--483,16 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
|DeltaHc = -875,50--874.82 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
|Entropy = 158,0 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup>
|HeatCapacity = 123,1 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Hazards
|GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}} {{GHS05}}
|GHSSignalWord = Berbahaya
|HPhrases = {{H-phrases|226|314}}
|PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338|310}}
|EUIndex = 607-002-00-6
|EUClass = {{Hazchem C}}
|RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R35}}
|SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S23}}, {{S26}}, {{S45}}
|NFPA-F = 2
|NFPA-H = 3
|NFPA-R = 0
|FlashPt = 39&nbsp;°C (''closed cup'')<ref name=ICSC0363>{{cite|publisher=International Programme on Chemical Safety|title=Acetic acid|url=http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_lang=en&p_card_id=0363|accessdate=16 Februari 2016|language=en}}</ref>
|AutoignitionPt = 485&nbsp;°C<ref name=ICSC0363 />
|LD50 = 3,31 g·kg<sup>−1</sup>, oral (mencit)
|LC50 = 5.620 ppm (tikus, 1 jam)<br/>16.000 ppm (tikus, 4 hr)<ref>{{IDLH|64197|Acetic acid}}</ref>
|ExploLimits = 4-16%
|PEL = TWA 10 ppm (25 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0002}}</ref>
|REL = TWA 10 ppm (25 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) ST 15 ppm (37 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
|IDLH = 50 ppm<ref name=PGCH/> 
}}
|Section6={{Chembox Related
|Function = [[asam karboksilat]]
|OtherFunctn = [[Asam format]]<br />[[Asam propionat]]
|OtherCpds = [[Asetaldehida]]<br />
[[Asetamida]]<br />
[[Anhidrida asetat]]<br />
[[Asetonitril]]<br />
[[Asetil klorida]]<br />
[[Etanol]]<br />
[[Etil asetat]]<br />
[[Kalium asetat]]<br />
[[Natrium asetat]]<br />
[[Asam tioasetat]]
}}
}}

'''Asam asetat''', '''asam etanoat''' atau '''asam cuka''' adolah salah ciek [[senyawa kimia|senyawa]] [[kimia organik|organik]] nan barado dalam golongan [[asam karboksilat]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Modul Bahan Ajar Cetak Farmasi|last=|first=Wardiyah|date=2016|publisher=Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia|isbn=|location=Jakarta|pages=20|url-status=live}}</ref> Asam cuka punyo [[rumus empiris]] {{chem2|C|2|H|4|O|2}}. Rumus iko acok ban ditulih dalam bantuka {{chem2|CH|3|–COOH}}, {{chem2|CH|3|COOH}}, atau {{chem2|CH|3|CO|2|H}}. Asam asetat pakek (disabuik ''[[asam asetat glasial]]'') adolah [[cairan]] [[higroskopis]] indak barono, dan punyo titiak baku 16,7[[Celsius|°C]]. Asam asetat adolah komponen utamo cuko (3–9%) salain aia. Asam asetat rasonyo asam jo bunyyo manyengat. Salain diproduksi untuak cuko konsumsi rumah tanggo, asam asetat juo diproduksi sabagai prekursor untuak senyawa lain takah [[polivinil asetat]] jo [[selulosa asetat]]. Meskipun digolongan sabagai [[asam lemah]], asam asetat pakek basipaik korosif jo dapek manyebabkan iritasi pado kulik.

Asam asetat marupoan salah ciek [[asam karboksilat]] paliang sederhana, sasudah [[asam format]]. Larutan asam asetat dalam aia marupoan sabuah asam lamah, aratinyo hanyo terdisosiasi sabagian manjadi [[ion]] H<sup>+</sup> jo {{chem2|CH|3|COO}}{{sup|–}}. Asam asetat marupoan [[pereaksi kimia]] jo  [[bahan baku]] [[industri]] nan penting. Asam asetat digunoan dalam [[produksi]] [[polimer]] takah [[polietilena tereftalat]], [[selulosa asetat]], jo [[polivinil asetat]], maupun babagai macam [[serat]] jo [[kain]]. Dalam industri makanan, asam asetat, dengan [[Nomor E|kode aditif makanan]] E260, digunoan sabagai pangatur kaasaman. Di rumah tanggo, asam asetat encer juo acok digunoan sabagai palunak air. Sabagai [[aditif makanan]], asam asetat disatujui panggunoannya di banyak negara, tamasuk Kanada<ref>{{cite|title=Food and Drug Regulations (C.R.C., c. 870)|journal=Consolidated Regulations|publisher=Canadian Department of Justice|date=31 Mei 2013|url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/FullText.html|language=en}}</ref>, Uni Eropa<ref>UK Food Standards Agency: [http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist "Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers"]</ref>, Amerika Serikat<ref>US Food and Drug Administration: [https://web.archive.org/web/20120117060614/http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodIngredientsPackaging/FoodAdditives/FoodAdditiveListings/ucm091048.htm "Listing of Food Additives Status Part I"]</ref>, Australia, jo Selandia Baru<ref>Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code: [http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2011C00827 "Standard 1.2.4 – Labeling of ingredients"]</ref>.

Dalam satahun, kabutuhan dunia akan asam asetat mancapai 6,5 juta [[ton]] per tahun. 1,5 juta ton per tahun didapek dari hasil [[daur ulang]], sisonya diparoleh dari industri [[petrokimia]], tarutamo jo bahan baku [[metanol]].<ref name=":2">{{cite|author1=Hosea Cheung|author2=Robin S. Tanke|author3=G. Paul Torrence|year=2005|title=Acetic Acid|encyclopedia=[[Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry]]|location=Weinheim|publisher=Wiley-VCH|doi=10.1002/14356007.a01_045.pub2|language=en}}</ref> Cuko adolah asam asetat encer, acok bana diproduksi malalui [[fermentasi]] jo oksidasi lanjutan [[etanol]].

== Tata namo ==
Asam asetat marupoan ''namo trivial'' atau ''namo dagang'' dari senyawa iko, dan marupoan namo nan paliang dianjuran dek [[IUPAC]]. Namo iko barasa dari kato {{lang-la|acetum}}, nan aratinyo cuko. Namo sistematis dari senyawa iko adolah ''asam etanoat''.<ref name="BB-prs310305"/>

'''Asam asetat glasial''' marupoan namo trivial nan marujuak pado asam asetat nan bebas-aia ([[anhidrat]]). Disabuik baitu dek asam asetat bebas-aia mambantuk [[kristal]] saroman [[es]] pado 16,6&nbsp;°C (61,9&nbsp;°F), pado suhu saketek di bawah [[suhu kamar|suhu ruang]].<ref>{{cite|last1=Armarego|first1=W.L.F.|last2=Chai|first2=Christina|year=2009|title=Purification of Laboratory Chemicals|edition=6|publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann|isbn=1-85617-567-7|language=en}}</ref>

== Rujuakan ==