Skala Richter
Skala Richter,[1] disabuik juo skala magnitudo Richter atau skala Gutenberg–Richter,[2] adolah suatu ukuran kakuatan gampo bumi nan dikambangan dek Charles Richter basamo Beno Gutenberg, jo dipublikasian dalam makalah tahun 1935, di mano inyo manyabuiknyo “skala magnitudo”.[3] Skala ko kamudian dipelokan jo diagiah namo baru sabagai skala magnitudo lokal, jo notasi ML atau ML.[4]
Karano babagai kalamahan dari skala ML nan asli, sabagian gadang otoritaih seismologi kini manggunoan skala lain nan sarupo, takah skala magnitudo momen (Mw), untuak malaporan kakuatan gampo. Namun, banyak media nan salah manyabuiknyo aabagai magnitudo “Richter”. Kasadoan skala magnitudo tetap mampatahankan sifat logaritmik dari skala asli jo disasuaian agar mampunyoi nilai numerik nan kurang labiah sabandiang (biasonyo pado rantang tangah skala). Karano variasi dalam gampo bumi, pantiang untuak dipahami bahwa skala Richter manggunoan logaritma basis 10 samato-mato untuak mambuek pangukuan labiah murah ditangani (misalnyo, gampo bamagnitudo 3 bararti faktor 10³, samantaro gampo bamagnitudo 5 bararti faktor 10⁵ jo mahasian catatan seismometer 100 kali labiah gadang).[5]
Rujuakan
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]- ↑ Kanamori 1978, p. 411. Templat:Harvtxt discusses the name at some length.
- ↑ McPhee, John (1998). Annals of the Former World. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 608.
- ↑ Kanamori 1978, p. 411; Richter 1935.
- ↑ Gutenberg & Richter 1956b, p. 30.
- ↑ "Discovery Project 17: Orders of Magnitude". stewartmath.com. Diakses tanggal February 24, 2022.
Bibliografi
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]- Bolt, B. A. (1993), Earthquakes and geological discovery
, Scientific American Library, ISBN 0-7167-5040-6. - Boore, D. M. (September 1989), "The Richter scale: its development and use for determining earthquake source parameter" (PDF), Tectonophysics, 166 (1–3): 1–14, doi:10.1016/0040-1951(89)90200-x
- Chung, D. H.; Bernreuter, D. L. (1980), Regional Relationships Among Earthquake Magnitude Scales., NUREG/CR-1457.
- Gutenberg, B.; Richter, C. F. (February 21, 1936), "Discussion: Magnitude and energy of earthquakes", Science, 83 (2147): 183–185, Bibcode:1936Sci....83..183G, doi:10.1126/science.83.2147.183, PMID 17770563.
- Gutenberg, B.; Richter, C. F. (1956b), "Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy, and acceleration (Second Paper)", Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 46 (2): 105–145.
- Hough, S. E. (2007), Richter's scale: measure of an earthquake, measure of a man, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-12807-8.
- Hutton, L. K.; Boore, David M. (December 1987), "The ML scale in Southern California" (PDF), Nature, 271: 411–414, Bibcode:1978Natur.271..411K, doi:10.1038/271411a0, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2025-09-11, diakses tanggal 2025-10-01.
- Kanamori, Hiroo (February 2, 1978), "Quantification of Earthquakes" (PDF), Nature, 271 (5644): 411–414, Bibcode:1978Natur.271..411K, doi:10.1038/271411a0, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal September 11, 2025, diakses tanggal October 1, 2025.
- Richter, C. F. (January 1935), "An Instrumental Earthquake Magnitude Scale" (PDF), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 25 (1): 1–32, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal July 10, 2018, diakses tanggal March 14, 2018 .
