Provinsi Helmand

Helmand, atau Hillmand dan dikenal juo pado maso kuno sabagai Hermand, Hirmand, sarato Hethumand,[1] adolah salah ciek dari 34 provinsi di Afganistan nan talatak di bagian selatan nagara tu. Provinsi ko marupokan nan tagadang badasarkan laweh wilayah, mancakuik area salaweh 58.584 kilometer persegi. Helmand mampunyoi 18 distrik nan maliputi labiah dari 1.000 kampuang, jo jumlah panduduak sakitar 1.446.230 jiwa.[2] Lashkargah bafungsi sabagai ibu kota provinsi. Helmand daulu marupokan bagian dari wilayah Kandahar Rayo sabalum dijadian provinsi tapisah dek pamarintah Afganistan pado abaik ka-20. Wilayah ko sabagian gadang diunyi dek urang Pashtun.
Sungai Helmand mangalia malalui wilayah provinsi nan sabagian gadang barupo gurun, manyadioan aia untuak irigasi. Bendungan Kajaki, salah ciek waduk tagadang di Afganistan, talatak di distrik Kajaki. Helmand diyakini sabagai salah ciek daerah pangasia opium tagadang di dunia, manyumbang sakitar 42% dari total produksi global.[3][4] Angko ko dipakiroan labiah gadang daripado kasadoan produksi Myanmar, nan marupokan produsen opium tagadang kaduo sasudah Afganistan. Wilayah ko juo mahasiaan timbakau, bit gulo, kapeh, wijen, gandum, kacang ijau, jaguang, kacang-kacangan, bungo matoari, bawang, kantang, tomaik, dan lainnyo.[5] Provinsi ko mampunyoi Palabuahan Udaro Bost di kota Lashkargah nan daulu banyak digunoan dek pasukan NATO.
Sapanjang parang di Afganistan tahun 2001–2021, Helmand mankadi pusek aktivitas pambarontak[6][7][8] jo acok dianggap sabagai provinsi “paliang babahayo” di Afganistan pado maso itu.[9][10] Provinsi ko juo manjadi lokasi babarapo paparangan paliang sangik salamo parang, di mano pado puncaknyo ratuihan masyarakaik sipil tabunuah satiok bulannya.[11] Salain tu, Helmand juo dikenal sabagai salah ciek wilayah nan paliang konservatif sacaro sosial di Afganistan.[12]
Rujuakan
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]- ↑ "Hillmand Province". Government of Afghanistan and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-07-29. Diakses tanggal 2012-12-27.
- ↑ "Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2020-21" (PDF). Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, National Statistics and Information Authority. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 3 July 2020. Diakses tanggal 6 June 2021.
- ↑
Pat McGeough (2007-03-05). "Where the poppy is king". Sydney Morning Herald. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-06-05.
More than 90 percent of the province's arable land is choked with the hardy plant. A 600-strong, US-trained eradication force is hopelessly behind schedule on its target for this growing season in Helmand - to clear about a third of the crop, which is estimated to be a head-spinning 70,000 hectares.
- ↑ "Afghanistan still the largest producer of opium: UN report". Zee News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-09-28. Diakses tanggal 2007-06-26.
She said opium cultivation is concentrated in the south of the country, with just one province ‘Helmand’ accounting for 42% of all the illicit production in the world. Many of the provinces with the highest levels of production also have the worst security problems.
- ↑ "Helmand" (PDF). Program for Culture & Conflict Studies. May 1, 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-10-08. Diakses tanggal 2012-12-28.
- ↑ MacKenzie, Jean (19 March 2010). "Could Helmand be the Dubai of Afghanistan?". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 August 2021. Diakses tanggal 25 February 2019.
- ↑ "UK's Helmand mission was 'flawed'". Bbc.co.uk. June 12, 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 16, 2021. Diakses tanggal July 20, 2019.
- ↑ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Afghanistan: Clashes in Helmand leave civilians dead, displaced". Refworld.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-09-28. Diakses tanggal 2019-02-25.
- ↑ Anderson, Ben (June 22, 2015). "Notes from Afghanistan's Most Dangerous Province". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 28, 2019. Diakses tanggal February 25, 2019.
- ↑ Rowlatt, Justin (April 7, 2016). "Afghan forces face 'decisive' battle". Bbc.co.uk. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 9, 2021. Diakses tanggal July 20, 2019.
- ↑ Tugnoli, Lorenzo. "A year of peace in one of Afghanistan's deadliest provinces". Washington Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2022-10-07. Diakses tanggal 2022-10-19.
- ↑ "Afghanistan" (PDF). Countries of Concern. hlm. 79–86. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2017-01-23. Diakses tanggal 2021-10-21.