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Nagorno-Karabakh

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Nagorno-Karabakh

Lokasi Oblast Otonom Nagorno-Karabakh (warna labiah tarang)
Lokasi Oblast Otonom Nagorno-Karabakh (warna labiah tarang)
Area
• Total
4.400 km2 (1.699 sq mi)
• Paraian (%)
dapek diabaian
Populasi
 - Pakiroan 2013
146.573[1]
 - Sensus Panduduak 2010
141.400[2]
29/km2
Zona wakatu
(UTC+4)
Suntiang kotak info
Suntiang kotak info • Caliak • Rundiang
Info templat
Bantuan panggunoan templat ko

Nagorno-Karabakh[3] adolah sabuah wilayah di Azerbaijan nan maliputi bagian tenggara dari jajaran Pagunuangan Kaukasus Ketek. Wilayah ko marupokan bagian dari kawasan Karabakh nan labiah laweh, mambantang di antaro Karabakh Ilia jo Syunik. Bantang alamnyo sabagian gadang tadiri dari pagunuangan jo kawasan rimbo.

Sabagian gadang wilayah Nagorno-Karabakh pernah diparintah dek urang Armenia di bawah Republik Artsakh nan mamisahan diri—dikenal juo sabagai Republik Nagorno-Karabakh—sajak barakhianyo Parang Nagorno-Karabakh Patamo antaro Armenia jo Azerbaijan pado tahun 1994 hinggo pambubarannyo pado September 2023. Wakia dari duo balah pihak maadoan banyak parundiangan damai nan indak mahasian kasepakatan, ditangahi dek Kalompok Minsk OSCE, untuak mambahas status wilayah nan dipasangketaan tu. Salamo wakatu itu, panduduak nan mayoritas baetnis Armenia sacaro bagantian manyuaroan kainginan Artsakh untuak mardeka daru kaduo nagara atau bagabuang jo Armenia.[4]

Wilayah ko bisasonyo disamoan jo bateh administratif bakeh Oblast Otonom Nagorno-Karabakh, nan mancakuik wilayah salaweh 4.400 kilometer persegi; namun, wilayah historisnyo mancakuik sakitar 8.223 kilometer persegi.[5][6]

Pado 27 September 2020, pacah Parang Nagorno-Karabakh Kaduo katiko Azerbaijan malancaan sarangan tahadap Nagorno-Karabakh jo wilayah sakitarnyo.[7] Azerbaijan maraiah kamajuan gadang salamo parang tu, marabuik baliak kasadoan wilayah panduduakan di sakitar Nagorno-Karabakh jo manguasoi sapatigo wilayah, tamasuak kota Shusha jo Hadrut.[8][9][10][11] Parang baakhia pado 10 November 2020 sasudah ditandotanganinyo pajanjian gancatan sinjato tigo pohak antaro Azerbaijan, Armenia, jo Rusia, nan maatur pamulangan rasmi kasadoan wilayah panduduakan di sakitar Nagorno-Karabakh ka Azerbaijan. Republik Artsakh kamudian manjadi nagara ketek nan taisolasi yang hanyo taubuang jo Armenia malalui koridor sampik nan dikandalian Rusia.

Pado 19 September 2023, sasudah blokade nan balansuang salamo babarapo bulan, Azerbaijan malancaan sarangan militer ka Nagorno-Karabakh.[12][13][14][15][16] Pasukan Artsakh dikalahan sacaro capek, mahasian kamanangan bagi Azerbaijan, pambubaran Republik Artsakh, eksodus hampia kasadoan panduduknyo ka wilayah Armenia,[17] sarato masuaknyo pasukan Azerbaijan ka bakeh ibu kota Artsakh, Stepanakert.[18] Pado 1 Januari 2024, Artsakh sacaro rasmi dibubaran,[19][20] manandoi baakhianyo kabaradoan urang Armenia di wilayah tu nan alah ado sajak baribu tahun nan lampau.[21][22][23][24] Babagai analis politik, basamo sajumlah panduduak Nagorno-Karabakh, manuduah Azerbaijan malakuan pambarasiahan etnis.[25][26][27][28]

  1. ↑ "Population of NKR as of 01.01.2013". NKR. 1 January 2013. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 October 2019. Diakses tanggal 20 February 2014.
  2. ↑ "Official Statistics of the NKR". President of the NKR. 1 January 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 January 2011. Diakses tanggal 6 May 2012.
  3. ↑ "Nagorno-Karabakh". Dictionary.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2 September 2023.
  4. ↑ "Tensions mount as Armenia and Azerbaijan continue fighting". Dawn. Associated Press. 2020-09-29. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-10-17.
  5. ↑ Hewsen, Robert H. (1972). "The Meliks of Eastern Armenia: A Preliminary Study". Revue des Études Arméniennes. IX: 288.
  6. ↑ Hewsen, Robert H. (2001). Armenia: A Historical Atlas. The University of Chicago Press. p. 264. ISBN 978-0-226-33228-4.
  7. ↑ "Fighting erupts between Armenia, Azerbaijan over disputed region". Al Jazeera. 27 September 2020. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 27 September 2020. Diakses tanggal 27 September 2020.
  8. ↑ "Armenia and Azerbaijan: A blockade that never ended and a peace deal hanging by a thread". Global Voices (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2023-07-19. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 27 July 2023. Diakses tanggal 2023-07-24.
  9. ↑ "Violence and Politics in Armenia-Azerbaijan Relations". Baku Research Institute (dalam bahasa Inggris). 14 October 2022. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 June 2023. Diakses tanggal 2023-06-27. As a result of the 2020 war, however, Azerbaijan received all territories around Soviet-era Nagorno Karabakh that were occupied by Armenian forces during the first Karabakh war, plus the two regions of Nagorno Karabakh proper: Shushi/Shusha and Hadrut.
  10. ↑ Cheterian, Vicken (2022-10-20). "Technological determinism or strategic advantage? Comparing the two Karabakh Wars between Armenia and Azerbaijan". Journal of Strategic Studies (dalam bahasa Inggris). 47 (2): 214–237. doi:10.1080/01402390.2022.2127093 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. ISSN 0140-2390. The Armenian side also lost territories within the former NKAO, namely the district of Hadrut and the strategic town of Shusha/Shushi, areas that were not even considered for handover to Azerbaijan during the long years of diplomatic negotiations between the two wars.
  11. ↑ Lynch, Ian J. (2020-11-18). "A cold winter for peace in Nagorno-Karabakh?". Ahval (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2 December 2020. Diakses tanggal 2023-06-27. The new agreement allows Azerbaijan to keep the territory it took by force, including Shusha and Hadrut, within the historic boundaries of Nagorno-Karabakh. It also requires Armenian forces to turn over other territories they have occupied for the last 26 years, including the so-called Lachin corridor, which is Nagorno-Karabakh's primary link to Armenia proper.
  12. ↑ "Azerbaijan Launches Offensive in Breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh, Children Among Casualties". Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2023. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2023.
  13. ↑ "Azerbaijani forces strike Armenian-controlled Karabakh, raising risk of new Caucasus war". Reuters. 19 September 2023. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2023. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2023.
  14. ↑ "Azerbaijan launches attack in Nagorno-Karabakh, announces 'evacuation' of Armenian population". 19 September 2023. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2023. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2023.
  15. ↑ "Live updates | Stepanakert under fire as Azerbaijan launches assault on Nagorno-Karabakh". OC Media (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2023-09-19. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2023. Diakses tanggal 2023-09-19.
  16. ↑ "Azerbaijan says it has begun 'anti-terrorist' operations in Nagorno-Karabakh". France 24 (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2023-09-19. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2023. Diakses tanggal 2023-09-19.
  17. ↑ "Nagorno-Karabakh talks: separatists lay down arms amid fears of refugee crisis". The Guardian (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2023-09-23. ISSN 0261-3077. Diakses tanggal 2023-09-24.
  18. ↑ "Azərbaycan polisi Xankəndidə - VİDEO". Publika.AZ (dalam bahasa Azerbaijani). 2023-09-29. Diakses tanggal 2023-09-30.
  19. ↑ Sauer, Pjotr (2023-09-28). "Nagorno-Karabakh's breakaway government says it will dissolve itself". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Diakses tanggal 2024-01-01.
  20. ↑ "Нагорно-Карабахская республика прекратила существование" [The Nagorno–Karabakh Republic Ceased to Exist] (dalam bahasa Rusia). 1 January 2024.
  21. ↑ Hauer, Neil (24 November 2024). "COP29 host Azerbaijan guilty of 'ethnic cleansing' during 2023 attacks in Nagorno-Karabakh: report". CBC News. Diakses tanggal 28 November 2024.
  22. ↑ "NEW REPORT: Azerbaijani Regime Ethnically Cleansed Nagorno-Karabakh According to International Fact-Finding Mission". Freedom House. Diakses tanggal 29 November 2024.
  23. ↑ "Freedom House: Azerbaijan's actions from 2020 to May 2024 regarding Karabakh are crimes under Rome Statute". News.am. 2 July 2024. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2024.
  24. ↑ "Freedom House Report Accuses Azerbaijan of Coordinated Plan to Rid Karabakh of Armenians". Hetq. 1 July 2024. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2024.
  25. ↑ "Azerbaijan launches attack in Nagorno-Karabakh, announces 'evacuation' of Armenian population". POLITICO. 2023-09-19. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2023. Diakses tanggal 2023-09-19.
  26. ↑ "Live updates | Stepanakert under fire as Azerbaijan launches assault on Nagorno-Karabakh". OC Media. 2023-09-19. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2023. Diakses tanggal 2023-09-19. Political analyst and peace activist Bahruz Samadov said the goal was the ethnic cleansing of the region's Armenian population ...
  27. ↑ Champion, Marc (12 December 2023). "And the Winner from Putin's War on Ukraine Is ... Azerbaijan". Bloomberg News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 December 2023. Diakses tanggal 13 December 2023. The US, similarly, sees Azerbaijan's geopolitical value rising the worse Washington's relations with Moscow and Tehran become, despite misgivings over Karabakh's ethnic cleansing.
  28. ↑ Galitsky, Alex; Ghoreishi, Shahed (18 December 2023). "Washington Must End Its Support for Azerbaijan's War Crimes". Jacobin. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 December 2023. Diakses tanggal 19 December 2023. The US has long offered unconditional military assistance to Azerbaijan even as it carries out ethnic cleansing in Nagorno-Karabakh.
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