Barak konsentrasi Auschwitz

Auschwitz Konzentrationslager Auschwitz  (language?)
Kamp konsentrasi jo pamusnahan Nazi (1940–1945)
Atas: Garbang Auschwitz I tatulih Arbeit macht frei ("karajo mambebaskan Ang") Bawah: Gerbang Auschwitz II-Birkenau. Rel kereta api, nan baroperasi dari bulan Mei hinggo Oktober 1944, mangarah langsuang ka kamar gas.
Koordinat	50°02′09″N 19°10′42″E
Dikana basobok	Holokaus
Tampek	Polandia nan bakaduduaki Jerman
Dioperasikan dek	Jerman Nazi jo Schutzstaffel

Kamp konsentrasi Auschwitz (bahaso Jerman: Konzentrationslager Auschwitz, pangucapan [kɔntsɛntʁaˈtsi̯oːnsˌlaːɡɐ ˈʔaʊʃvɪts]  ( danga); juga KL Auschwitz atau KZ Auschwitz) adolah kompleks kamp konsentrasi jo kamp pemusnahan nan paguno dek Jerman Nazi di Polandia nan bakaduduakinyo samaso Parang Dunia II jo Holokaus. Kompleks ko barisi labiah dari 40 kamp, ​​tamasuak Auschwitz I, kamp utamo (Stammlager) di Oświęcim; Auschwitz II-Birkenau, sabuah kamp konsentrasi jo pamusnahan nan dilangkoki jo ruang gas; Auschwitz III-Monowitz, sabuah kamp karajo nan dimiliki dek parusahaan kimia IG Farben; jo puluahan subkamp lainnyo. Kamp-kamp iko manjadi tampek utamo untuak palaksanaan kabijakan Solusi Akhia Nazi tantang patanyoan Yahudi.

Jerman mamicu Parang Dunia II dengan manyarang Polandia pado bulan September 1939. Schutzstaffel (SS) kamudian maubah barak tantara di Auschwitz I manjadi kamp tawanan parang. Tawanan politik partamo nan dipindahan ka Auschwitz ampia sadonyo urang Polandia. Salamo duo tahun partamo, mayoritas tahanan Auschwitz adolah urang Polandia. Pado bulan Mei 1940, panjahek Jerman nan dibaok ka kamp untuak manjabat sabagai panguruih kamp mamulai kajahatan taradok tahanan. Tawanan tu dipukua, disiksa dan dieksekusi jo alasan nan sepele. Pangasian gas patamo—tapi tahanan Soviet jo Polandia—dilakukan di blok 11 Auschwitz I sakitar Agustus 1941.

Pambangunan Auschwitz II dimulai sabulan kamudian, dan dari tahun 1942 sampai akhia tahun 1944, urang Yahudi dari sado tampek Eropa nan diduduki Jerman diangkuik jo kareta barang ka kamar gas di Auschwitz. Dari 1,3 juta urang nan dikirim ka Auschwitz, 1,1 juta urang dibunuah. Korbannyo tamasuak 960.000 urang Yahudi (865.000 di antaronyo dibunuah jo gas baracun baitu tibo di kamp), 74.000 urang Polandia non-Yahudi, 21.000 urang Romani, 15.000 tawanan parang Soviet, jo labiah kurang 15.000 korban lainnyo. Korban nan indak dibunuah jo gas baracun maningga dek kalaparan, capek, panyakik, eksekusi, atau dipukua. Korban lain juo maningga akibaik eksperimen medis.

Dari 802 tahanan nan mancubo kabua, hanyo 144 nan berhasil. Pado tanggal 7 Oktober 1944, duo unit Sonderkomando nan anggotnyo adolah para tahanan pangurus kamar gas maadoan pambarontakan, tapi gagal. Sasudah kamp-kamp itu dibebaskan dan Holocaust barakhia, hanyo 789 personil Schutzstaffel (kurang dari 15 persen) nan diadili. Sajumlah personil SS dihukum mati, tamasuak komandan Rudolf Höss. Kagagalan Sekutu untuak batindak capek sasudah manarimo laporan awal tantang pambunuahan massal masih diperdebatkan sampai kini.

Samantaro Tantara Merah Soviet mandakek ka Auschwitz pado Januari 1945, SS mamaso sabagian gadang tahanan kamp untuak malakukan arak kamatian ka kamp-kamp di Jerman jo Austria. Pasukan Soviet tibo di Auschwitz pado 27 Januari 1945, hari nan diparingati sabagai Hari Peringatan Holocaust Internasional sajak 2005. Dalam puluahan tahun sasudah parang, urang-urang nan salamaik saroman Primo Levi, Viktor Frankl, jo Elie Wiesel manulih memoar jo pangalaman mareka. Pado tahun 1947, Polandia managakan Museum Nagara Auschwitz-Birkenau di tampek Auschwitz I jo II. Pado tahun 1979, situs iko dinyatoan sabagai Situs Warisan Dunia dek UNESCO. Auschwitz adolah tampek pambunuhan masal paliang gadang dalam sajarah nan dilakukan di ciek tampek.

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• Raczyński, Edward (1941) (dalam bahaso en). German Occupation of Poland, Extract of note addressed to the allied and neutral powers. London and New York: Republic of Poland Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Greystone Press. https://archive.org/stream/GermanOccupationOfPoland/German%20Occupation%20of%20Poland#page/n1/mode/2up. 
• Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal Archived 28 June 2011 di Wayback Machine.. Nuremberg, 14 November 1945 – 1 Oktober 1946.